Сбор информации
Запрос информации об ОС
Запрос версии ОС:
cat /etc/openEuler-latest
Пример вывода:
openeulerversion=openEuler-20.03-LTS-SP1
compiletime=2020-12-22-09-16-12
gccversion=7.3.0-20190804.35.oel
kernelversion=4.19.90-2012.4.0.0053.oel
openjdkversion=1.8.0.272.b10-4.oel
cat /etc/os-release
Пример вывода:
NAME="openEuler"
VERSION="20.03 (LTS-SP1)"
ID="openEuler"
VERSION_ID="20.03"
PRETTY_NAME="openEuler 20.03 (LTS-SP1)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
cat /etc/openEuler-release
Пример вывода:
openEuler release 20.03 (LTS-SP1)
Запрос версии ядра
uname -a
Пример вывода:
Linux localhost.localdomain 4.19.90-2012.4.0.0053.oel.aarch64 #1 SMP Mon Dec 21 14:33:58 UTC 2020 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux
Запрос информации об оборудовании
Запрос статистики ЦП
lscpu
Пример вывода:
Architecture: aarch64
CPU op-mode(s): 64bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 8
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-7
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per socket: 1
Socket(s): 8
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: HiSilicon
Model: 0
Model name: Kunpeng-920
Stepping: 0x1
CPU max MHz: 2600.0000
CPU min MHz: 2600.0000
BogoMIPS: 200.00
L1d cache: 512 KiB
L1i cache: 512 KiB
L2 cache: 4 MiB
L3 cache: 256 MiB
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-7
Vulnerability Itlb multihit: Not affected
Vulnerability Lltf: Not affected
Vulnerability Mds: Not affected
Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected
Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Vulnerable
Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; __user pointer sanitization
Vulnerability Spectre v2: Not affected
Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected
Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected
Flags: fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm jscvt fcma dcpop asimddp asimdfhm
Просмотр параметров ЦП
cat /proc/cpuinfo
Пример вывода:
processor : 0
BogoMIPS : 200.00
Features : fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm jscvt fcma dcpop asimddp asimdfhm
CPU implementer : 0x48
CPU architecture: 8
CPU variant : 0x1
CPU part : 0xd01
CPU revision : 0
Просмотр информации о системной памяти
cat /proc/meminfo
Пример вывода:
MemTotal: 6975488 kB
MemFree: 5099648 kB
MemAvailable: 5744128 kB
Buffers: 305792 kB
Cached: 756800 kB
SwapCached: 0 kB
Active: 1099840 kB
Inactive: 433280 kB
Active(anon): 529024 kB
Inactive(anon): 61248 kB
Active(file): 570816 kB
...
Просмотр информации о памяти и накопителях
dmidecode -t memory
Пример вывода:
# dmidecode 3.2
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 3.0.0 present.
Handle 0x1000, DMI type 16, 23 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: Other
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC
Maximum Capacity: 8 GB
Просмотр распределения жестких дисков и разделов
lsblk
Пример вывода:
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNPOINT
sda 8:0 0 2G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 3.9G 0 rom /media
vda 252:0 0 100G 0 disk
├── vda1 252:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├── vda2 252:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└── vda3 252:3 0 98.4G 0 part
├── openeuler-root 253:0 0 63.4G 0 lvm /
├── openeuler-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└── openeuler-home 253:2 0 31G 0 lvm /home
Просмотр сведений о жестких дисках и разделах
fdisk -l
Пример вывода:
Disk /dev/vda: 100GiB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: C4E8952C-FED0-4B39-8243-51F2FD26D025
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/vda1 2048 1230847 1228800 600M EFI System
/dev/vda2 1230848 3327999 2097152 1G Linux filesystem
/dev/vda3 3328000 209713151 206385152 98.4G Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sda: 2GiB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Disk model: QEMU HARDDISK
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Просмотр информации о сетевой карте
lspci | grep -i 'eth'
Пример вывода:
07:00.0 Ethernet contoller: Virtio: Virtio network device (rev 01)
Просмотр всех сетевых интерфейсов
ip a or ifconfig -a
Пример вывода:
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp7s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:79:f0:94 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 9.82.220.194/16 brd 9.82.255.255 scope global noprefixroute enp7s0
valid_lft forever preferred_ltf forever
inet6 2019:4:12:ffff:fe29:274a:d0d7:3f6c/64 scope global noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
Просмотр сведений о сетевом интерфейсе
ethtool <iface>
Пример вывода для сетевого интерфейса enp7s0:
Settings for enp7s0:
Supported ports: [ ]
Supported link modes: Not reported
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: No
Supported FEC modes: Not reported
Arvertised link modes: Not reported
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advetised auto-negotiation: No
Advertised FEC modes: Not reported
Speed: Unknown!
Duplex: Unknown! (255)
Port: Other
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: off
Link detected: yes
Просмотр информации о PCI
lspci
Пример вывода:
00:00.0 Host bridge: Red Hat, Inc. QEMU PCIe Host bridge
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Red Hat, Inc. QEMU PCIe Root port
00:01.1 PCI bridge: Red Hat, Inc. QEMU PCIe Root port
00:01.2 PCI bridge: Red Hat, Inc. QEMU PCIe Root port
00:01.3 PCI bridge: Red Hat, Inc. QEMU PCIe Root port
00:01.4 PCI bridge: Red Hat, Inc. QEMU PCIe Root port
00:01.5 PCI bridge: Red Hat, Inc. QEMU PCIe Root port
01:00.0 PCI bridge: Red Hat, Inc. Device 000e
02:01.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBM (ICH4/UCH4-M) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 10)
02:02.0 Communication controller: Virtio: Virtio console
03:00.0 SCSI storage controller: Virtio: Virtio SCSI (rev 01)
05:00.0 SCSI storage controller: Virtio: Virtio block device (rev 01)
06:00.0 Display controller: Virtio: Virtio GPU (rev 01)
07:00.0 Ethernet controller: Virtio: Virtio network device (rev 01)
Просмотр дерева устройств
lspci -t
Пример вывода:
-[0000:00]-+-00.0
+-01.0-[02-02]----00.0-[02]--+-01.0
| \-02.0
+-01.1-[03]----00.0
+-01.2-[04]--
+-01.3-[05]----00.0
+-01.4-[06]----00.0
\-01.5-[07]----00.0
Просмотр информации о BIOS
dmidecode -t bios
Пример вывода:
# dmidecode 3.2
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 3.0.0 present
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 26 bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: EFI Development Kit II / OVMF
Version: 0.0.0
Release Date: 02/06/2015
Address: 0xE8000
Runtime Size: 96 kB
ROM Size: 64 kB
Characteristics:
BIOS characteristics not supported
Targeted content distribution is supported
UEFI is supported
System is a virtual machine
BIOS Revision: 0.0
Запрос информации о программном обеспечении
Запрос сведений о программном пакете
rpm -qi <package>
Пример вывода для пакета systemd:
Name : systemd
Version : 243
Release : 31.oel
Architecture: aarch64
Install Date: Tue 02 Nov 2021 08:31:29 PM CST
Group : Unspecified
Size : 15398172
License : MIT and LGPLv2+ and GPLv2+
Signature : RSA/SHA1, Mon 21 Dec 2020 11:15:34 PM CST, Key ID d557065eb25e7f66
Source RPM : systemd-243-31.oel.src.rpm
Build Date : Mon 21 Dec 2020 11:08:11 PM CST
Build Host : obs-worker-005
Packager : http://openeuler.org/
Vendor : http://openeuler.org/
URL : https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd
Summary : System and Service Manager
Description :
systemd is a system and service manager that runs as PID 1 and starts
the rest of the system.
Просмотр модулей, предоставляемых программным пакетом
rpm -q --provides <package>
Пример вывода для пакета systemd:
/bin/systemctl
/sbin/shutdown
config(systemd) = 243-31.oel
libsystemd-shared-243.so()(64bit)
libsystemd-shared-243.so(SD_SHARED)(64bit)
pkgconfig(systemd) = 243
pkgconfig(udev) = 243
syslog
system-setup-keyboard = 0.9
systemd = 243-31.oel
systemd(aarch-64) = 243-31.oel
systemd-pam
systemd-rpm-config
systemd-sysv = 206
systemd-units = 243-31.oel
Просмотр списка программных пакетов
rpm -ql <package>
Пример вывода для пакета python3-rpm:
/usr/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/rpm
/usr/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/rpm-4.15.1-py3.7.egg-info
/usr/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/rpm/__init__.py
/usr/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/rpm/__pycache__
/usr/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/rpm/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.opt-1.pyc
/usr/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/rpm/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
/usr/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/rpm/__pycache__/transaction.cpython-37.opt-1.pyc
/usr/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/rpm/__pycache__/transaction.cpython-37.pyc
/usr/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/rpm/_rpm.cpython-37m-aarch64-linux-gnu.so
/usr/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/rpm/_prm.so
/usr/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/rpm/transaction.py
Просмотр журналов ОС
Просмотр информации и журналов ошибок после запуска системы
cat /var/log/messages
Пример вывода:
Aug 10 03:25:56 localhost systemd[1]: Starting dnf makecache...
Aug 10 03:25:56 localhost dnf[267732]: Metadata cache refreshed recently.
Aug 10 03:25:56 localhost systemd[1]: dnf-makecache.service: Succeeded.
Aug 10 03:25:56 localhost systemd[1]: Started dnf makecache.
Aug 10 03:25:56 localhost audit[1]: SERVICE_START pid=1 uid=0 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=system_u:system_r:init_t:s0
Aug 10 03:25:56 localhost audit[1]: SERVICE_STOP pid=1 uid=0 auid=4294967295 ses=429467295 subj=system_u:system_r_init_t:s0 m
Aug 10 03:32:01 localhost rsyslogd[868]: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="8.2006.0" x-pid="868" x-info="https://www.rsyslog.com"]
Просмотр журналов, связанных с безопасностью
cat /var/log/secure
Пример вывода:
Nov 3 09:21:14 localhost polkitd[788]: Loading rules from directory /etc/polkit-1/rules.d
Nov 3 09:21:14 localhost polkitd[788]: Loading rules from directory /usr/share/polkit-1/rules.d
Nov 3 09:21:14 localhost polkitd[788]: Finished loading, compiling and executing 4 rules
Nov 3 09:21:14 localhost polkitd[788]: Acquired the name org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1 on the system bus
Nov 3 09:21:15 localhost sshd[929]: Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22.
Nov 3 09:21:15 localhost sshd[929]: Server listening on :: port 22.
Nov 3 09:21:16 localhost sshd[929]: Received signal 15; terminating.
Nov 3 09:22:20 localhost login[888]: PAM unable to dlopen(/usr/lib64/security/pam_console.so): /usr/lib64/security/pam_console.so
Nov 3 09:22:20 localhost login[888]: PAM adding faulty module: /usr/lib64/security/pam_console.so
Просмотр журналов, связанных с запланированными задачами
cat /var/log/cron
Пример вывода:
Nov 3 09:21:15 localhost crond[887]: (CRON) STARTUP (1.5.5)
Nov 3 09:21:15 localhost crond[887]: (CRON) INFO (Syslog will be used instead of sendmail.)
Nov 3 09:21:15 localhost crond[887]: (CRON) INFO (RANDOM_DELAY will be scaled with factor 99% if used.)
Nov 3 09:21:15 localhost crond[887]: (CRON) INFO (running with inotify support)